{
  "summary": "The European Union tariff splits HS 2309.10 (dog or cat food, put up for retail sale) into 12 national lines: 2309 10 11 00 (containing no milk products or containing less than 10 % by weight of such products), 2309 10 13 00 (containing not less than 10 % but less than 50 % by weight of milk products), 2309 10 15 00 (containing not less than 50 % but less than 75 % by weight of milk products), 2309 10 19 00 (containing not less than 75 % by weight of milk products) and 8 others.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-11",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "HS subheading",
      "value": "2309.10",
      "source": null,
      "url": "https://border.bot/hs-codes/230910"
    },
    {
      "label": "National lines",
      "value": "12",
      "source": null
    },
    {
      "label": "Import VAT/GST in the European Union",
      "value": "VAT 21%",
      "source": "border.bot release EU:taxes #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "De minimis in the European Union",
      "value": "Flat €3 duty up to €150; tax always charged",
      "source": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2026/382/oj"
    },
    {
      "label": "Tariff",
      "value": "European Union",
      "source": "https://circabc.europa.eu/sd/a/9e277705-ac42-441d-8580-90cd730d9bc6/Geographical%20areas%20composition.xlsx",
      "url": "https://border.bot/countries/european-union"
    },
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "23: Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal fodder",
      "source": null
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "How many national tariff lines does the European Union tariff have under HS 2309.10?",
      "answer": "The European Union tariff splits HS 2309.10 (dog or cat food, put up for retail sale) into 12 national lines: 2309 10 11 00 (containing no milk products or containing less than 10 % by weight of such products), 2309 10 13 00 (containing not less than 10 % but less than 50 % by weight of milk products), 2309 10 15 00 (containing not less than 50 % but less than 75 % by weight of milk products), 2309 10 19 00 (containing not less than 75 % by weight of milk products) and 8 others."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "European Union lines under 2309.10",
      "text": [
        "The European Union tariff splits HS 2309.10 (dog or cat food, put up for retail sale) into 12 national lines: 2309 10 11 00 (containing no milk products or containing less than 10 % by weight of such products), 2309 10 13 00 (containing not less than 10 % but less than 50 % by weight of milk products), 2309 10 15 00 (containing not less than 50 % but less than 75 % by weight of milk products), 2309 10 19 00 (containing not less than 75 % by weight of milk products) and 8 others."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "local",
      "title": "Import VAT and de minimis in the European Union",
      "text": [
        "The European Union charges VAT on imports at a standard rate of 21%.",
        "From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, consignments sold to buyers in the European Union worth up to €150 pay a flat customs duty of €3 per tariff classification in the consignment instead of the tariff rate. Import tax is charged whatever the value."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "National tariff lines under 2309.10 are live on border.bot for the United States (2 lines, also used by 1 other country)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The tariff lines for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The duty rates for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The trade programmes for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The import taxes for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, imported from a file, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The de minimis thresholds for the European Union come from border.bot release 2, entered by border.bot, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 11 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "type": "country-subheading",
    "country": {
      "code": "EU",
      "name": "European Union",
      "slug": "european-union"
    },
    "schedule": {
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      "name": "European Union",
      "slug": "european-union"
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    "borrowed": false,
    "localTaxes": [
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        "code": "VAT",
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        "region": null,
        "rate": 21,
        "rateType": "percent",
        "unit": null,
        "scope": [],
        "exclude": [],
        "startDate": null,
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        "sourceUrl": null,
        "notes": null
      }
    ],
    "localDeminimis": [
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        "channel": "any",
        "purpose": "sale",
        "currency": "EUR",
        "dutyThreshold": 150,
        "taxThreshold": null,
        "basis": "consignment",
        "valueBasis": "goods",
        "exclusions": [],
        "origins": [],
        "excludeOrigins": [],
        "sellerScheme": null,
        "flatDuty": {
          "per": "classification",
          "amount": 3,
          "currency": "EUR",
          "codeLength": null
        },
        "from": "EU",
        "startDate": "2026-07-01",
        "endDate": "2028-07-01",
        "sourceUrl": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2026/382/oj",
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    "ratesLive": true,
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    "dateModified": "2026-10-11T20:29:44.802Z",
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      "code": "23",
      "description": "Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal fodder"
    },
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      "code": "2309",
      "description": "Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding"
    },
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      "code": "230910",
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        "description": "Containing no milk products or containing less than 10 % by weight of such products",
        "levels": [
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          "Containing starch, glucose, glucose syrup, maltodextrine or maltodextrine syrup of subheadings 1702 30 50, 1702 30 90, 1702 40 90, 1702 90 50 and 2106 90 55 or milk products",
          "Containing starch, glucose, glucose syrup, maltodextrine or maltodextrine syrup",
          "Containing no starch or containing 10 % or less by weight of starch",
          "Containing no milk products or containing less than 10 % by weight of such products"
        ],
        "english": null,
        "keywords": [],
        "lang": "en",
        "units": [],
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        "general": {
          "code": "2309101100",
          "dutyText": "0.000 %",
          "startDate": "1996-01-01",
          "endDate": null,
          "unit": null
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        "preferences": [
          {
            "dutyText": "0.000 %",
            "origins": [
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                "code": "2000",
                "label": "Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member St…"
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              {
                "code": "EC",
                "label": "Ecuador"
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              {
                "code": "GB",
                "label": "United Kingdom"
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              {
                "code": "MA",
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          "Containing starch, glucose, glucose syrup, maltodextrine or maltodextrine syrup of subheadings 1702 30 50, 1702 30 90, 1702 40 90, 1702 90 50 and 2106 90 55 or milk products",
          "Containing starch, glucose, glucose syrup, maltodextrine or maltodextrine syrup",
          "Containing no starch or containing 10 % or less by weight of starch",
          "Containing not less than 10 % but less than 50 % by weight of milk products"
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        "english": null,
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                "code": "1033",
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                "label": "Eastern and Southern Africa States"
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              {
                "code": "1035",
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                "label": "Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member St…"
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                "label": "Canada"
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                "code": "FJ",
                "label": "Fiji"
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              {
                "code": "GB",
                "label": "United Kingdom"
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                "code": "GE",
                "label": "Georgia"
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              {
                "code": "GH",
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              {
                "code": "ME",
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              {
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              {
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                "label": "Mexico"
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          "Containing starch, glucose, glucose syrup, maltodextrine or maltodextrine syrup",
          "Containing no starch or containing 10 % or less by weight of starch",
          "Containing not less than 50 % but less than 75 % by weight of milk products"
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        "english": null,
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              {
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                "label": "Cameroon"
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                "code": "CO",
                "label": "Colombia"
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                "label": "Egypt"
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                "code": "FJ",
                "label": "Fiji"
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                "label": "United Kingdom"
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              {
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                "label": "Georgia"
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                "label": "Montenegro"
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                "label": "North Macedonia"
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                "label": "New Zealand"
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              {
                "code": "PE",
                "label": "Peru"
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              {
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                "label": "Papua New Guinea"
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              {
                "code": "PS",
                "label": "Palestine"
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                "label": "Solomon Islands"
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                "code": "SG",
                "label": "Singapore"
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                "code": "SM",
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              {
                "code": "UA",
                "label": "Ukraine"
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              {
                "code": "VN",
                "label": "Vietnam"
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                "label": "Samoa"
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            "dutyText": "0.000 EUR TNE",
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                "code": "CM",
                "label": "Cameroon"
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                "label": "Colombia"
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                "label": "Ecuador"
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                "code": "EG",
                "label": "Egypt"
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                "code": "FJ",
                "label": "Fiji"
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                "label": "United Kingdom"
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                "label": "Georgia"
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                "label": "Ghana"
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                "label": "Israel"
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                "label": "Jordan"
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                "label": "Japan"
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