{
  "summary": "The European Union tariff splits HS 2905.44 (other polyhydric alcohols: D-glucitol (sorbitol)) into 4 national lines: 2905 44 11 00 (containing 2 % or less by weight of D-mannitol, calculated on the D-glucitol content), 2905 44 19 00 (other), 2905 44 91 00 (containing 2 % or less by weight of D-mannitol, calculated on the D-glucitol content) and 2905 44 99 00 (other). The general (MFN) duty differs by line: 7.700 % + 16.100 EUR DTN on 2905 44 11 00, 9.000 % + 37.800 EUR DTN on 2905 44 19 00, 7.700 % + 23.000 EUR DTN on 2905 44 91 00 and 9.000 % + 53.700 EUR DTN on 2905 44 99 00.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-11",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "HS subheading",
      "value": "2905.44",
      "source": null,
      "url": "https://border.bot/hs-codes/290544"
    },
    {
      "label": "National lines",
      "value": "4",
      "source": null
    },
    {
      "label": "Import VAT/GST in the European Union",
      "value": "VAT 21%",
      "source": "border.bot release EU:taxes #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "De minimis in the European Union",
      "value": "Flat €3 duty up to €150; tax always charged",
      "source": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2026/382/oj"
    },
    {
      "label": "Tariff",
      "value": "European Union",
      "source": "https://circabc.europa.eu/sd/a/9e277705-ac42-441d-8580-90cd730d9bc6/Geographical%20areas%20composition.xlsx",
      "url": "https://border.bot/countries/european-union"
    },
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "29: Organic chemicals",
      "source": null
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "How many national tariff lines does the European Union tariff have under HS 2905.44?",
      "answer": "The European Union tariff splits HS 2905.44 (other polyhydric alcohols: D-glucitol (sorbitol)) into 4 national lines: 2905 44 11 00 (containing 2 % or less by weight of D-mannitol, calculated on the D-glucitol content), 2905 44 19 00 (other), 2905 44 91 00 (containing 2 % or less by weight of D-mannitol, calculated on the D-glucitol content) and 2905 44 99 00 (other)."
    },
    {
      "question": "What is the duty on HS 2905.44 in the European Union?",
      "answer": "The general (MFN) duty differs by line: 7.700 % + 16.100 EUR DTN on 2905 44 11 00, 9.000 % + 37.800 EUR DTN on 2905 44 19 00, 7.700 % + 23.000 EUR DTN on 2905 44 91 00 and 9.000 % + 53.700 EUR DTN on 2905 44 99 00."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "European Union lines under 2905.44",
      "text": [
        "The European Union tariff splits HS 2905.44 (other polyhydric alcohols: D-glucitol (sorbitol)) into 4 national lines: 2905 44 11 00 (containing 2 % or less by weight of D-mannitol, calculated on the D-glucitol content), 2905 44 19 00 (other), 2905 44 91 00 (containing 2 % or less by weight of D-mannitol, calculated on the D-glucitol content) and 2905 44 99 00 (other).",
        "The general (MFN) duty differs by line: 7.700 % + 16.100 EUR DTN on 2905 44 11 00, 9.000 % + 37.800 EUR DTN on 2905 44 19 00, 7.700 % + 23.000 EUR DTN on 2905 44 91 00 and 9.000 % + 53.700 EUR DTN on 2905 44 99 00."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "local",
      "title": "Import VAT and de minimis in the European Union",
      "text": [
        "The European Union charges VAT on imports at a standard rate of 21%.",
        "From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, consignments sold to buyers in the European Union worth up to €150 pay a flat customs duty of €3 per tariff classification in the consignment instead of the tariff rate. Import tax is charged whatever the value."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "National tariff lines under 2905.44 are live on border.bot for the United States (1 line, also used by 1 other country)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The tariff lines for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The duty rates for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The trade programmes for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The import taxes for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, imported from a file, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The de minimis thresholds for the European Union come from border.bot release 2, entered by border.bot, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 11 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "code": "EU",
      "name": "European Union",
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    "borrowed": false,
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        "rate": 21,
        "rateType": "percent",
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    "localDeminimis": [
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        "channel": "any",
        "purpose": "sale",
        "currency": "EUR",
        "dutyThreshold": 150,
        "taxThreshold": null,
        "basis": "consignment",
        "valueBasis": "goods",
        "exclusions": [],
        "origins": [],
        "excludeOrigins": [],
        "sellerScheme": null,
        "flatDuty": {
          "per": "classification",
          "amount": 3,
          "currency": "EUR",
          "codeLength": null
        },
        "from": "EU",
        "startDate": "2026-07-01",
        "endDate": "2028-07-01",
        "sourceUrl": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2026/382/oj",
        "notes": null
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    "ratesLive": true,
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    "dateModified": "2026-10-11T20:29:44.802Z",
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      "code": "29",
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    "heading": {
      "code": "2905",
      "description": "Acyclic alcohols and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives"
    },
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      "code": "290544",
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          "D-glucitol (sorbitol)",
          "In aqueous solution",
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          "unit": null
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            "dutyText": "0.000 %",
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                "code": "1033",
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                "code": "1034",
                "label": "Eastern and Southern Africa States"
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                "code": "1035",
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              {
                "code": "2000",
                "label": "Preferential origin in accordance with the Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Union and the Kingdom of Morocco on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member St…"
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                "label": "OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories)"
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                "code": "BA",
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              {
                "code": "CA",
                "label": "Canada"
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              {
                "code": "CI",
                "label": "Côte d'Ivoire"
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              {
                "code": "CM",
                "label": "Cameroon"
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              {
                "code": "EG",
                "label": "Egypt"
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              {
                "code": "FJ",
                "label": "Fiji"
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                "code": "GB",
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                "label": "Georgia"
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                "code": "GH",
                "label": "Ghana"
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                "code": "JO",
                "label": "Jordan"
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              {
                "code": "JP",
                "label": "Japan"
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                "code": "KE",
                "label": "Kenya"
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              {
                "code": "KR",
                "label": "South Korea"
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              {
                "code": "MA",
                "label": "Morocco"
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              {
                "code": "MD",
                "label": "Moldova"
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              {
                "code": "ME",
                "label": "Montenegro"
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                "code": "MK",
                "label": "North Macedonia"
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                "code": "PG",
                "label": "Papua New Guinea"
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              {
                "code": "PS",
                "label": "Palestine"
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              {
                "code": "SB",
                "label": "Solomon Islands"
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                "code": "SG",
                "label": "Singapore"
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              {
                "code": "WS",
                "label": "Samoa"
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              {
                "code": "XC",
                "label": "a group of origins (TARIC area XC)"
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                "code": "XK",
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                "code": "XL",
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                "code": "XS",
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            "origins": [
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                "label": "EEA - European Economic Area"
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                "code": "AD",
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                "label": "Iceland"
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              {
                "code": "NO",
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          {
            "dutyText": "4.800 % + 10.060 EUR DTN",
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                "label": "New Zealand"
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          {
            "dutyText": "7.000 % + 16.100 EUR DTN",
            "origins": [
              {
                "code": "ZA",
                "label": "South Africa"
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        "measures": [],
        "restrictions": []
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      {
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        "levels": [
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          "D-glucitol (sorbitol)",
          "In aqueous solution",
          "Other"
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        "english": null,
        "keywords": [],
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        "units": [],
        "special": null,
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              {
                "code": "BA",
                "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"
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                "code": "CA",
                "label": "Canada"
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                "code": "CI",
                "label": "Côte d'Ivoire"
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                "code": "CM",
                "label": "Cameroon"
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                "label": "Egypt"
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                "code": "FJ",
                "label": "Fiji"
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                "label": "Georgia"
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                "label": "Jordan"
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                "label": "Japan"
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                "label": "Kenya"
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                "code": "KR",
                "label": "South Korea"
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                "code": "MA",
                "label": "Morocco"
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              {
                "code": "MD",
                "label": "Moldova"
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                "label": "Montenegro"
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                "label": "Palestine"
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                "code": "SB",
                "label": "Solomon Islands"
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              {
                "code": "SG",
                "label": "Singapore"
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              {
                "code": "WS",
                "label": "Samoa"
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              {
                "code": "XC",
                "label": "a group of origins (TARIC area XC)"
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                "code": "XK",
                "label": "Kosovo"
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              {
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                "label": "a group of origins (TARIC area XL)"
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            "origins": [
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                "label": "EEA - European Economic Area"
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                "label": "Algeria"
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                "label": "Faroe Islands"
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                "label": "Israel"
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            "dutyText": "6.000 % + 36.580 EUR DTN",
            "origins": [
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                "code": "IS",
                "label": "Iceland"
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                "code": "NO",
                "label": "Norway"
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            ]
          },
          {
            "dutyText": "5.600 % + 23.630 EUR DTN",
            "origins": [
              {
                "code": "NZ",
                "label": "New Zealand"
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