{
  "summary": "The European Union tariff splits HS 8708.70 (road wheels and parts and accessories thereof) into 16 national lines: 8708 70 10 15 (fitted with pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121), 8708 70 10 50 (other), 8708 70 10 80 (road wheels of steel, whether or not with their accessories and whether or not fitted with tyres, for the industrial assembly of vehicles of heading 8703; vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm³ or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston…), 8708 70 10 85 (road wheels of steel, whether or not with their accessories and whether or not fitted with tyres, for the industrial assembly of vehicles of heading 8703; vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm³ or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine …) and 12 others.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-11",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "HS subheading",
      "value": "8708.70",
      "source": null,
      "url": "https://border.bot/hs-codes/870870"
    },
    {
      "label": "National lines",
      "value": "16",
      "source": null
    },
    {
      "label": "Import VAT/GST in the European Union",
      "value": "VAT 21%",
      "source": "border.bot release EU:taxes #1"
    },
    {
      "label": "De minimis in the European Union",
      "value": "Flat €3 duty up to €150; tax always charged",
      "source": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2026/382/oj"
    },
    {
      "label": "Tariff",
      "value": "European Union",
      "source": "https://circabc.europa.eu/sd/a/9e277705-ac42-441d-8580-90cd730d9bc6/Geographical%20areas%20composition.xlsx",
      "url": "https://border.bot/countries/european-union"
    },
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "87: Vehicles other than railway or tramway rolling stock, and parts and accessories thereof",
      "source": null
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "How many national tariff lines does the European Union tariff have under HS 8708.70?",
      "answer": "The European Union tariff splits HS 8708.70 (road wheels and parts and accessories thereof) into 16 national lines: 8708 70 10 15 (fitted with pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121), 8708 70 10 50 (other), 8708 70 10 80 (road wheels of steel, whether or not with their accessories and whether or not fitted with tyres, for the industrial assembly of vehicles of heading 8703; vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm³ or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston…), 8708 70 10 85 (road wheels of steel, whether or not with their accessories and whether or not fitted with tyres, for the industrial assembly of vehicles of heading 8703; vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm³ or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine …) and 12 others."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "European Union lines under 8708.70",
      "text": [
        "The European Union tariff splits HS 8708.70 (road wheels and parts and accessories thereof) into 16 national lines: 8708 70 10 15 (fitted with pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121), 8708 70 10 50 (other), 8708 70 10 80 (road wheels of steel, whether or not with their accessories and whether or not fitted with tyres, for the industrial assembly of vehicles of heading 8703; vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm³ or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston…), 8708 70 10 85 (road wheels of steel, whether or not with their accessories and whether or not fitted with tyres, for the industrial assembly of vehicles of heading 8703; vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm³ or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine …) and 12 others."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "local",
      "title": "Import VAT and de minimis in the European Union",
      "text": [
        "The European Union charges VAT on imports at a standard rate of 21%.",
        "From 1 July 2026 until 1 July 2028, consignments sold to buyers in the European Union worth up to €150 pay a flat customs duty of €3 per tariff classification in the consignment instead of the tariff rate. Import tax is charged whatever the value."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "National tariff lines under 8708.70 are live on border.bot for the United States (11 lines, also used by 1 other country)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The tariff lines for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The duty rates for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The trade programmes for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "The import taxes for the European Union come from border.bot release 1, imported from a file, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The de minimis thresholds for the European Union come from border.bot release 2, entered by border.bot, and have been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 11 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
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        "taxThreshold": null,
        "basis": "consignment",
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        "exclusions": [],
        "origins": [],
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        "sellerScheme": null,
        "flatDuty": {
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        "from": "EU",
        "startDate": "2026-07-01",
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    "heading": {
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        "description": "fitted with pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121",
        "levels": [
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          "For the industrial assembly of: Pedestrian-controlled tractors of subheading 8701 10; Vehicles of heading 8703; Vehicles of heading 8704 with either a compression-ignition internal combustion piston engine (diesel or semi-diesel) of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 500 cm3 or with a spark-ignition internal combustion piston engine of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 2 800 cm3; Vehicles of heading 8705",
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                "code": "1007",
                "label": "EU-Switzerland agreement: re-imported goods"
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                "code": "1033",
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                "label": "United Kingdom"
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                "label": "South Korea"
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                "label": "Morocco"
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                "code": "1007",
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                "code": "CA",
                "label": "Canada"
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                "code": "CI",
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                "code": "CL",
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                "code": "CM",
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                "code": "DZ",
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                "code": "EG",
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                "code": "FO",
                "label": "Faroe Islands"
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                "code": "GE",
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                "code": "GH",
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                "label": "Jordan"
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                "code": "JP",
                "label": "Japan"
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                "code": "KE",
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                "code": "SG",
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                "code": "VN",
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                "code": "XK",
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                "code": "XS",
                "label": "Serbia"
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                "code": "ZA",
                "label": "South Africa"
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            "dutyText": "2.600 %",
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                "code": "5500",
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        "code": "8708709190",
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          "Road wheels and parts and accessories thereof",
          "Wheel centres in star form, cast in one piece, of iron or steel",
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              {
                "code": "CI",
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                "code": "JO",
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              {
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                "label": "Mexico"
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              {
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                "code": "PS",
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              {
                "code": "SB",
                "label": "Solomon Islands"
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              {
                "code": "SG",
                "label": "Singapore"
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                "code": "SY",
                "label": "Syria"
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              {
                "code": "TN",
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                "code": "UA",
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                "code": "US",
                "label": "United States"
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                "code": "VN",
                "label": "Vietnam"
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                "code": "WS",
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              {
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                "label": "a group of origins (TARIC area XC)"
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              {
                "code": "XS",
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                "code": "ZA",
                "label": "South Africa"
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            "dutyText": "2.600 %",
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          "Other",
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          "Fitted with pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121",
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                "label": "Canada"
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                "label": "Chile"
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                "label": "Algeria"
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                "label": "Ecuador"
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                "label": "Egypt"
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                "code": "GH",
                "label": "Ghana"
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                "code": "KE",
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                "code": "LB",
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              {
                "code": "MA",
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              {
                "code": "PE",
                "label": "Peru"
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              {
                "code": "PG",
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                "code": "UA",
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                "code": "VN",
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              {
                "code": "XL",
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              {
                "code": "XS",
                "label": "Serbia"
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            "dutyText": "3.900 %",
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                "label": "Mercosur"
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        ],
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        "code": "8708709930",
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          "Fitted with pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121",
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              {
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                "label": "EEA - European Economic Area"
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                "label": "OCTs (Overseas Countries and Territories)"
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                "label": "Central America"
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                "code": "AL",
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              {
                "code": "BA",
                "label": "Bosnia and Herzegovina"
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              {
                "code": "CA",
                "label": "Canada"
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              {
                "code": "CH",
                "label": "Switzerland"
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              {
                "code": "CI",
                "label": "Côte d'Ivoire"
              },
              {
                "code": "CL",
                "label": "Chile"
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              {
                "code": "CM",
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              {
                "code": "CO",
                "label": "Colombia"
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              {
                "code": "DZ",
                "label": "Algeria"
              },
              {
                "code": "EC",
                "label": "Ecuador"
              },
              {
                "code": "EG",
                "label": "Egypt"
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              {
                "code": "FJ",
                "label": "Fiji"
              },
              {
                "code": "FO",
                "label": "Faroe Islands"
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              {
                "code": "GB",
                "label": "United Kingdom"
              },
              {
                "code": "GE",
                "label": "Georgia"
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              {
                "code": "GH",
                "label": "Ghana"
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              {
                "code": "IL",
                "label": "Israel"
              },
              {
                "code": "JO",
                "label": "Jordan"
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              {
                "code": "JP",
                "label": "Japan"
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              {
                "code": "KE",
                "label": "Kenya"
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              {
                "code": "KR",
                "label": "South Korea"
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              {
                "code": "LB",
                "label": "Lebanon"
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              {
                "code": "MA",
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                "code": "MD",
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              {
                "code": "ME",
                "label": "Montenegro"
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              {
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                "label": "North Macedonia"
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              {
                "code": "MX",
                "label": "Mexico"
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                "code": "PE",
                "label": "Peru"
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              {
                "code": "PG",
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                "code": "PS",
                "label": "Palestine"
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                "code": "SB",
                "label": "Solomon Islands"
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              {
                "code": "SG",
                "label": "Singapore"
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              {
                "code": "SY",
                "label": "Syria"
              },
              {
                "code": "TN",
                "label": "Tunisia"
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              {
                "code": "UA",
                "label": "Ukraine"
              },
              {
                "code": "US",
                "label": "United States"
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              {
                "code": "VN",
                "label": "Vietnam"
              },
              {
                "code": "WS",
                "label": "Samoa"
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              {
                "code": "XC",
                "label": "a group of origins (TARIC area XC)"
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                "code": "XK",
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              {
                "code": "XL",
                "label": "a group of origins (TARIC area XL)"
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              {
                "code": "XS",
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          "Other",
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