{
  "summary": "The United States tariff has 336 national lines in HS chapter 28 (inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals, of radioactive elements or of isotopes), under 180 subheadings in 50 headings.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-09",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "National lines",
      "value": "336",
      "source": null
    },
    {
      "label": "Subheadings",
      "value": "180",
      "source": null
    },
    {
      "label": "Tariff",
      "value": "United States",
      "source": "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false",
      "url": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states"
    },
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "28: Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals, of radioactive elements or of isotopes",
      "source": null
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "How many national tariff lines does the United States tariff have in HS chapter 28?",
      "answer": "The United States tariff has 336 national lines in HS chapter 28 (inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals, of radioactive elements or of isotopes), under 180 subheadings in 50 headings."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "Subheadings with United States lines",
      "text": [
        "The United States tariff has 336 national lines in HS chapter 28 (inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals, of radioactive elements or of isotopes), under 180 subheadings in 50 headings."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "No other national tariff on border.bot has live lines under chapter 28 yet."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The tariff lines for the United States come from border.bot release 1 (edition 2026HTSRev21), read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The duty rates for the United States come from border.bot release 1 (edition 2026HTSRev21), read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The trade programmes for the United States come from border.bot release 1 (edition 2026HTSRev21), read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 9 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "type": "country-chapter",
    "country": {
      "code": "US",
      "name": "United States",
      "slug": "united-states"
    },
    "schedule": {
      "code": "US",
      "name": "United States",
      "slug": "united-states"
    },
    "borrowed": false,
    "localTaxes": [],
    "localDeminimis": [],
    "ratesLive": true,
    "provenance": [
      {
        "dataset": "US:hs",
        "country": "US",
        "kind": "hs",
        "seq": 1,
        "version": "2026HTSRev21",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-09T21:15:50.043Z",
        "origin": "source",
        "sourceUrls": [
          "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false"
        ]
      },
      {
        "dataset": "US:rates",
        "country": "US",
        "kind": "rates",
        "seq": 1,
        "version": "2026HTSRev21",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-09T21:15:36.287Z",
        "origin": "source",
        "sourceUrls": [
          "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false"
        ]
      },
      {
        "dataset": "US:programmes",
        "country": "US",
        "kind": "programmes",
        "seq": 1,
        "version": "2026HTSRev21",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-09T21:15:58.040Z",
        "origin": "source",
        "sourceUrls": [
          "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "dateModified": "2026-10-09T21:15:58.040Z",
    "chapter": {
      "code": "28",
      "description": "Inorganic chemicals; organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals, of radioactive elements or of isotopes"
    },
    "headings": [
      {
        "code": "2801",
        "description": "Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280110",
            "description": "Chlorine",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280120",
            "description": "Iodine",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280130",
            "description": "Fluorine; bromine",
            "lines": 2
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2802",
        "description": "Sulphur, sublimed or precipitated; colloidal sulphur",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280200",
            "description": "Sulphur, sublimed or precipitated; colloidal sulphur",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2803",
        "description": "Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon not elsewhere specified or included)",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280300",
            "description": "Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon not elsewhere specified or included)",
            "lines": 2
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2804",
        "description": "Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280410",
            "description": "Hydrogen",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280421",
            "description": "Rare gases: Argon",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280429",
            "description": "Rare gases: Other",
            "lines": 4
          },
          {
            "code": "280430",
            "description": "Nitrogen",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280440",
            "description": "Oxygen",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280450",
            "description": "Boron; tellurium",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "280461",
            "description": "Silicon: Containing by weight not less than 99.99 % of silicon",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280469",
            "description": "Silicon: Other",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "280470",
            "description": "Phosphorus",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280480",
            "description": "Arsenic",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280490",
            "description": "Selenium",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2805",
        "description": "Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280511",
            "description": "Alkali or alkaline-earth metals: Sodium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280512",
            "description": "Alkali or alkaline-earth metals: Calcium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280519",
            "description": "Alkali or alkaline-earth metals: Other",
            "lines": 4
          },
          {
            "code": "280530",
            "description": "Rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed",
            "lines": 6
          },
          {
            "code": "280540",
            "description": "Mercury",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2806",
        "description": "Hydrogen chloride (Hydrochloric acid); chlorosulfuric acid",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280610",
            "description": "Hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280620",
            "description": "Chlorosulphuric acid",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2807",
        "description": "Sulphuric acid; oleum",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280700",
            "description": "Sulphuric acid; oleum",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2808",
        "description": "Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280800",
            "description": "Nitric acid; sulphonitric acids",
            "lines": 2
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2809",
        "description": "Diphosphorus pentaoxide; phosphoric acid;polyphosphoric acids, whether or not chemically defined",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "280910",
            "description": "Diphosphorus pentaoxide",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "280920",
            "description": "Phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acids",
            "lines": 4
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2810",
        "description": "Oxides of boron; boric acids",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281000",
            "description": "Oxides of boron; boric acids",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2811",
        "description": "Other inorganic acids and other inorganic oxygen compounds of nonmetals",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281111",
            "description": "Other inorganic acids: Hydrogen fluoride (hydrofluoric acid)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281112",
            "description": "Other inorganic acids: Hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281119",
            "description": "Other inorganic acids: Other",
            "lines": 4
          },
          {
            "code": "281121",
            "description": "Other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals: Carbon dioxide",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281122",
            "description": "Other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals: Silicon dioxide",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "281129",
            "description": "Other inorganic oxygen compounds of non-metals: Other",
            "lines": 4
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2812",
        "description": "Halides and halide oxides of nonmetals",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281211",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Carbonyl dichloride (phosgene)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281212",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Phosphorus oxychloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281213",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Phosphorus trichloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281214",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Phosphorus pentachloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281215",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Sulphur monochloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281216",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Sulphur dichloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281217",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Thionyl chloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281219",
            "description": "Chlorides and chloride oxides: Other",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "281290",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 2
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2813",
        "description": "Sulfides of nonmetals; commercial phosphorus trisulfide",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281310",
            "description": "Carbon disulphide",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281390",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 3
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2814",
        "description": "Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281410",
            "description": "Anhydrous ammonia",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281420",
            "description": "Ammonia in aqueous solution",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2815",
        "description": "Sodium hydroxide (Caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (Caustic potash); peroxides of sodium or potassium",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281511",
            "description": "Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda): Solid",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281512",
            "description": "Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda): In aqueous solution (soda lye or liquid soda)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281520",
            "description": "Potassium hydroxide (caustic potash)",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "281530",
            "description": "Peroxides of sodium or potassium",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2816",
        "description": "Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium; oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281610",
            "description": "Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281640",
            "description": "Oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium",
            "lines": 2
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2817",
        "description": "Zinc oxide; zinc peroxide",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281700",
            "description": "Zinc oxide; zinc peroxide",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2818",
        "description": "Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined; aluminum oxide; aluminum hydroxide",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281810",
            "description": "Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined",
            "lines": 3
          },
          {
            "code": "281820",
            "description": "Aluminium oxide, other than artificial corundum",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281830",
            "description": "Aluminium hydroxide",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2819",
        "description": "Chromium oxides and hydroxides",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "281910",
            "description": "Chromium trioxide",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "281990",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2820",
        "description": "Manganese oxides",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282010",
            "description": "Manganese dioxide",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282090",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2821",
        "description": "Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colors containing 70 percent or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2O3",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282110",
            "description": "Iron oxides and hydroxides",
            "lines": 5
          },
          {
            "code": "282120",
            "description": "Earth colours",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2822",
        "description": "Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282200",
            "description": "Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides",
            "lines": 2
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2823",
        "description": "Titanium oxides",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282300",
            "description": "Titanium oxides",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2824",
        "description": "Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282410",
            "description": "Lead monoxide (litharge, massicot)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282490",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 3
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2825",
        "description": "Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282510",
            "description": "Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282520",
            "description": "Lithium oxide and hydroxide",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282530",
            "description": "Vanadium oxides and hydroxides",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "282540",
            "description": "Nickel oxides and hydroxides",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282550",
            "description": "Copper oxides and hydroxides",
            "lines": 3
          },
          {
            "code": "282560",
            "description": "Germanium oxides and zirconium dioxide",
            "lines": 3
          },
          {
            "code": "282570",
            "description": "Molybdenum oxides and hydroxides",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282580",
            "description": "Antimony oxides",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282590",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 6
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2826",
        "description": "Fluorides; fluorosilicates, fluoroaluminates and other complex fluorine salts",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282612",
            "description": "Fluorides: Of aluminium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282619",
            "description": "Fluorides: Other",
            "lines": 3
          },
          {
            "code": "282630",
            "description": "Sodium hexafluoroaluminate (synthetic cryolite)",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282690",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 3
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2827",
        "description": "Chlorides, chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282710",
            "description": "Ammonium chloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282720",
            "description": "Calcium chloride",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282731",
            "description": "Other chlorides: Of magnesium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282732",
            "description": "Other chlorides: Of aluminium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282735",
            "description": "Other chlorides: Of nickel",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282739",
            "description": "Other chlorides: Other",
            "lines": 10
          },
          {
            "code": "282741",
            "description": "Chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides: Of copper",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282749",
            "description": "Chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides: Other",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "282751",
            "description": "Bromides and bromide oxides: Bromides of sodium or of potassium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282759",
            "description": "Bromides and bromide oxides: Other",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "282760",
            "description": "Iodides and iodide oxides",
            "lines": 3
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2828",
        "description": "Hypochlorites; commercial calcium hypochlorite; chlorites; hypobromites",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282810",
            "description": "Commercial calcium hypochlorite and other calcium hypochlorites",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282890",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2829",
        "description": "Chlorates and perchlorates; bromates and perbromates; iodates and periodates",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "282911",
            "description": "Chlorates: Of sodium",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282919",
            "description": "Chlorates: Other",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "282990",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 4
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2830",
        "description": "Sulfides; polysulfides, whether or not chemically defined",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "283010",
            "description": "Sodium sulphides",
            "lines": 1
          },
          {
            "code": "283090",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 4
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "2831",
        "description": "Dithionites and sulfoxylates",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "283110",
            "description": "Of sodium",
            "lines": 2
          },
          {
            "code": "283190",
            "description": "Other",
            "lines": 1
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "lines": 336,
    "previous": {
      "code": "27",
      "description": "Electrical energy",
      "indexable": true
    },
    "next": {
      "code": "29",
      "description": "Acyclic hydrocarbons",
      "indexable": true
    },
    "otherSchedules": [],
    "seo": {
      "canonicalPath": "/countries/united-states/hs-codes/28",
      "robots": "index",
      "sitemap": true,
      "reasons": [
        "336 national lines"
      ]
    }
  },
  "pagination": {
    "page": 1,
    "pages": 2,
    "size": 100,
    "total": 180,
    "prev": null,
    "next": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/28?page=2"
  },
  "previous": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/27",
  "next": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/29",
  "links": {
    "self": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/28.json",
    "html": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/28",
    "canonical": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/28",
    "markdown": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/28.md",
    "tools": {
      "calculator": "https://border.bot/tools/landed-cost-calculator",
      "classifier": "https://border.bot/tools/hs-code-classifier",
      "api": "https://api.border.bot/v1"
    }
  },
  "code": "28",
  "attribution": "border.bot tariff reference (border.bot), compiled from the official publishers named on each page.",
  "terms": "https://border.bot/legal/terms",
  "notice": "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling.",
  "catalogVersion": "08bc53aa"
}