{
  "summary": "The United States tariff splits HS 8448.31 (parts and accessories of machines of heading 8445 or of their auxiliary machinery: Card clothing) into 1 national line: 8448.31.00.00 (card clothing). The general (MFN) duty is 3.3% on this line.",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-09",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "HS subheading",
      "value": "8448.31",
      "source": null,
      "url": "https://border.bot/hs-codes/844831"
    },
    {
      "label": "Duty (MFN)",
      "value": "3.3%",
      "source": "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false"
    },
    {
      "label": "National lines",
      "value": "1",
      "source": null
    },
    {
      "label": "Tariff",
      "value": "United States",
      "source": "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false",
      "url": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states"
    },
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "84: Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof",
      "source": null
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "How many national tariff lines does the United States tariff have under HS 8448.31?",
      "answer": "The United States tariff splits HS 8448.31 (parts and accessories of machines of heading 8445 or of their auxiliary machinery: Card clothing) into 1 national line: 8448.31.00.00 (card clothing)."
    },
    {
      "question": "What is the duty on HS 8448.31 in the United States?",
      "answer": "The general (MFN) duty is 3.3% on this line."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "United States lines under 8448.31",
      "text": [
        "The United States tariff splits HS 8448.31 (parts and accessories of machines of heading 8445 or of their auxiliary machinery: Card clothing) into 1 national line: 8448.31.00.00 (card clothing).",
        "The general (MFN) duty is 3.3% on this line."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "No other national tariff on border.bot has live lines under 8448.31 yet."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The tariff lines for the United States come from border.bot release 1 (edition 2026HTSRev21), read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The duty rates for the United States come from border.bot release 1 (edition 2026HTSRev21), read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "The trade programmes for the United States come from border.bot release 1 (edition 2026HTSRev21), read from the publisher’s files, and have been live since 9 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 9 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "type": "country-subheading",
    "country": {
      "code": "US",
      "name": "United States",
      "slug": "united-states"
    },
    "schedule": {
      "code": "US",
      "name": "United States",
      "slug": "united-states"
    },
    "borrowed": false,
    "localTaxes": [],
    "localDeminimis": [],
    "ratesLive": true,
    "provenance": [
      {
        "dataset": "US:hs",
        "country": "US",
        "kind": "hs",
        "seq": 1,
        "version": "2026HTSRev21",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-09T21:15:50.043Z",
        "origin": "source",
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        ]
      },
      {
        "dataset": "US:rates",
        "country": "US",
        "kind": "rates",
        "seq": 1,
        "version": "2026HTSRev21",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-09T21:15:36.287Z",
        "origin": "source",
        "sourceUrls": [
          "https://hts.usitc.gov/reststop/exportList?from=0000000000&to=9999999999&format=CSV&styles=false"
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      },
      {
        "dataset": "US:programmes",
        "country": "US",
        "kind": "programmes",
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        "version": "2026HTSRev21",
        "liveAt": "2026-10-09T21:15:58.040Z",
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    "dateModified": "2026-10-09T21:15:58.040Z",
    "chapter": {
      "code": "84",
      "description": "Nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof"
    },
    "heading": {
      "code": "8448",
      "description": "Auxiliary machinery for use with machines of heading 8444, 8445, 8446 or 8447 (for example, dobbies, Jacquards, automatic stop motions and shuttle changing mechanisms); parts and accessories suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of this heading or of heading 8444, 8445, 8446 or 8447 (for example, spindles and spindle flyers, card clothing, combs, extruding nipples, shuttles, healds and heald-frames, hosiery needles)"
    },
    "subheading": {
      "code": "844831",
      "description": "Parts and accessories of machines of heading 8445 or of their auxiliary machinery: Card clothing"
    },
    "lines": [
      {
        "code": "8448310000",
        "description": "Card clothing",
        "levels": [
          "Parts and accessories of machines of heading 8445 or of their auxiliary machinery",
          "Card clothing"
        ],
        "english": null,
        "keywords": [],
        "lang": "en",
        "general": {
          "code": "8448310000",
          "dutyText": "3.3%",
          "startDate": null,
          "endDate": null,
          "unit": null
        },
        "preferences": [
          {
            "dutyText": "Free",
            "origins": [
              {
                "code": "A*",
                "label": "a group of origins (origin group A*)"
              },
              {
                "code": "AU",
                "label": "United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement"
              },
              {
                "code": "BH",
                "label": "United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "CL",
                "label": "United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement"
              },
              {
                "code": "CO",
                "label": "United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "D",
                "label": "African Growth and Opportunity Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "E",
                "label": "Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "IL",
                "label": "United States-Israel Free Trade Area"
              },
              {
                "code": "JO",
                "label": "United States-Jordan Free Trade Area Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "KR",
                "label": "United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "MA",
                "label": "United States-Morocco Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "OM",
                "label": "United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "P",
                "label": "Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement"
              },
              {
                "code": "PA",
                "label": "United States-Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "PE",
                "label": "United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act"
              },
              {
                "code": "S",
                "label": "United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement"
              },
              {
                "code": "SG",
                "label": "United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "measures": [],
        "restrictions": []
      }
    ],
    "previous": {
      "code": "844820",
      "description": "Parts and accessories of machines of heading 8444 or of their auxiliary machinery",
      "indexable": true
    },
    "next": {
      "code": "844832",
      "description": "Auxiliary machinery for use with machines of heading 8444, 8445, 8446 or 8447 (for example, dobbies, Jacquards, automatic stop motions and shuttle changing mechanisms); parts and accessories suitable for use solely or principally with the machines of this heading or of heading 8444, 8445, 8446 or 8447 (for example, spindles and spindle flyers, card clothing, combs, extruding nipples, shuttles, healds and heald-frames, hosiery needles)",
      "indexable": true
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    "pages": 1,
    "size": 100,
    "total": 1,
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  "next": "https://border.bot/countries/united-states/hs-codes/844832",
  "links": {
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  "code": "844831",
  "attribution": "border.bot tariff reference (border.bot), compiled from the official publishers named on each page.",
  "terms": "https://border.bot/legal/terms",
  "notice": "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling.",
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}