# Section 232 tariffs

> Every product group under US Section 232 tariffs on 30 October 2026, with rates, partner rates and dates, and how they stack with other duties.

Source: https://border.bot/docs/guides/countries/united-states/section-232
Last updated: 2026-10-30

> Documentation index: https://border.bot/llms.txt. Every page is Markdown at its URL + `.md`.


> [!CAUTION] More changes are scheduled
> Wood furniture and cabinet rates rise on 1 January 2027, polysilicon duties start on 4 December 2026 and other drone components follow on 9 February 2027. New proclamations have arrived every few weeks in 2026.

Section 232 tariffs are US duties on imports that the Secretary of Commerce finds threaten national security, imposed by presidential proclamation under section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. On 30 October 2026 they cover metals, cars and parts, trucks and buses, wood products, semiconductors, patented medicines and drones, at headline rates from 10% to 100% and 200% on Russian aluminum, and they apply to goods from every country unless a partner rate is set.

Rules as of 30 October 2026.

## Which products do Section 232 tariffs cover?

Section 232 tariffs cover the product groups named in each proclamation's annexes, matched to HTSUS codes in chapter 99, subchapter III of the tariff. A product owes the duty when its code is listed and it fits the description, whatever its origin. The table lists every group in force or scheduled, with rates from the proclamations and the current HTSUS.

| Product group | Rate | Partner rates | Since |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Steel, aluminum, copper and their derivatives | 50% or 25% on the full value, or a 15% total for some derivatives; 10% with US-melted metal | UK 25% or 15% | Full-value rates from 6 April 2026 |
| Russian aluminum, or aluminum smelted or cast in Russia | 200% | None | 2023, kept by Proclamation 11021 |
| Passenger vehicles and light trucks | 25% | EU, Japan, South Korea 15% total; UK 7.5% within a 100,000-vehicle quota | 3 April 2025 |
| Automobile parts | 25% | EU, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan 15% total; UK 10% total | 3 May 2025 |
| Medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and their parts | 25% | USMCA vehicles on non-US content | 1 November 2025 |
| Buses | 10% | None | 1 November 2025 |
| Softwood timber and lumber | 10% | None | 14 October 2025 |
| Upholstered wooden furniture, kitchen cabinets and vanities | 25%, rising to 30% and 50% on 1 January 2027 | EU, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan 15% total; UK 10% | 14 October 2025 |
| Semiconductors | 25% on covered products, with end-use exemptions | None | 15 January 2026 |
| Patented pharmaceuticals and their ingredients | 100% total; 20% under an approved onshoring plan | EU, Japan, South Korea, Switzerland, Liechtenstein 15% total; UK 0% | 31 July or 29 September 2026 |
| Drones, docking stations and critical components | 100%; 25% for the drones in Annex II | UK 10%; EU, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein 15% total, with certification | 3 September 2026 |
| Other drone components | 25% | As above | Scheduled for 9 February 2027 |
| Polysilicon, ingots and derivatives | 15% plus minimum import prices | EU, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein 15% total; UK 10% | Scheduled for 4 December 2026 |

A "total" rate means the Section 232 duty tops up the regular column 1 duty to that figure, so a product whose regular rate already meets it pays no Section 232 duty. Three more Section 232 findings have so far led to negotiations instead of tariffs: processed critical minerals (Proclamation 11001, January 2026), commercial aircraft and jet engines (Proclamation 11040, July 2026) and wind turbines (Proclamation 11074, published on 28 October 2026).

border.bot lists every Section 232 heading with its HS codes and a downloadable code list on the [Section 232 tariffs page](https://border.bot/countries/united-states/additional/tariffs/section-232), read from the current HTS.

## How is a Section 232 duty calculated?

A Section 232 duty is an ad valorem duty on the customs value, added to the regular duty unless the heading sets a total rate. Since 6 April 2026 the metals duties apply to the full value whatever the metal content; for USMCA vehicles and some USMCA steel derivatives the duty applies to the non-US content.

Take a passenger car made in Germany with a customs value of $40,000, HTSUS 8703.23.01. The regular duty is 2.5%, and EU cars take a 15% total under heading 9903.94.51.

| Line | Rate | Amount |
| --- | --- | ---: |
| Customs duty, 8703.23.01 | 2.5% | $1,000 |
| Section 232, EU passenger vehicles (9903.94.51) | tops up to 15% | $5,000 |
| Total duty | 15% | $6,000 |

The same car from a country without a partner rate pays 2.5% plus 25%, $11,000. The [landed cost calculator](https://border.bot/tools/landed-cost-calculator/united-states) applies the right heading for the code and origin and shows the claim codes that lower it, such as US metal content.

## How does Section 232 stack with other duties?

Section 232 stacks with the regular duty and with antidumping and countervailing duties, but it switches some other additional duties off. The chapter 99 notes set the order: the forced-labor and Brazil Section 301 duties don't apply to Section 232 goods, and a trade agreement preference doesn't remove the Section 232 duty.

- The regular column 1 duty still applies, except where a partner heading sets a total rate that includes it.
- A free trade agreement or preference program lowers the regular duty only; the Section 232 duty is collected on top of any special rate (U.S. note 16(b) for metals; CBP's pharmaceutical guidance).
- Antidumping and countervailing duties continue to apply to Section 232 goods.
- Goods under Section 232 are exempt from the Section 301 forced-labor duties (heading 9903.05.90) and the Section 301 duty on Brazil (heading 9903.05.07).
- The Section 338 duties on Canada apply on top of Section 232 since 15 September 2026, except the dairy action: only goods under heading 9903.03.13 can still claim the Section 232 exception, heading 9903.03.15 (CSMS #69851916).
- Within the metals regime an article takes only one heading, and an article on several metal lists pays once.
- A wood product that is also an automobile part pays the automobile duty, not the wood duty (Proclamation 10976, clause 6).

The [US tariffs page](https://border.bot/countries/united-states/additional/tariffs) lists every additional duty in force, and the [Section 301 guide](https://border.bot/docs/guides/countries/united-states/section-301) covers the duties that Section 232 switches off.

## Section 232 guides

The Section 232 guides below cover the two actions that online sellers meet most and that changed most in 2026, the metals duties and the pharmaceutical duty, with each rate tier, the content and origin rules that lower it, and a worked example on real HTSUS codes.

- [Section 232 steel, aluminum and copper tariffs](https://border.bot/docs/guides/countries/united-states/section-232/steel-aluminum): US Section 232 metals duties since April 2026: the 50%, 25% and 15% tiers on full value, the 15% weight test, the 85% US metal rule and partner rates.
- [Section 232 pharmaceutical tariffs](https://border.bot/docs/guides/countries/united-states/section-232/pharmaceuticals): The US Section 232 duty on patented medicines under Proclamation 11020: a 100% total, 15% for five partners, 0% for the UK and generics, and onshoring rates.

## What changed and when

Section 232 actions have come by proclamation, each published in the Federal Register, and several later proclamations change earlier ones. The timeline lists every Section 232 proclamation and partner-rate notice in force or announced, newest first, dated by when it takes effect or, where it sets no date, when it was published.

- **9 February 2027:** Other drone components pay 25%. The second stage of the drone action applies to the components in Annex III. [Proclamation 11055, 91 FR 53699](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-16979)
- **1 January 2027:** Wood furniture and cabinet rates rise. Upholstered wooden furniture rises to 30% and kitchen cabinets and vanities to 50%. [Proclamation 11000, 91 FR 1039](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-00327)
- **4 December 2026:** Polysilicon duty and minimum import prices start. Polysilicon ingots and derivatives pay 15% and imports below set prices pay the difference. [Proclamation 11052, 91 FR 51975](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-16400)
- **28 October 2026:** Wind turbines: negotiations, no tariff. Proclamation 11074 directs negotiations and leaves existing duties unchanged. [91 FR 68001](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-22049)
- **29 September 2026:** Pharmaceutical duty for all companies. Companies not listed in Annex III start paying the patented medicine duty. [Proclamation 11020, 91 FR 18183](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-06956)
- **3 September 2026:** Drone duties start. Drones, docking stations and critical components pay 100%, the drones in Annex II 25%. [Proclamation 11055, 91 FR 53699](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-16979)
- **31 July 2026:** Pharmaceutical duty starts; UK at 0%. Annex III companies pay from this date, and UK products are cut to 0%. [91 FR 49406](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-15799)
- **23 July 2026:** Aluminum onshoring incentive. Approved smelter projects can import primary aluminum at half the duty. [Proclamation 11045, 91 FR 46635](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-14990)
- **15 July 2026:** Aircraft and jet engines: negotiations, no tariff. Proclamation 11040 directs negotiations on commercial aircraft, engines and parts. [91 FR 43507](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-14334)
- **8 June 2026:** 85% US metal rule and list (xi) rates. US metal counts as such at 85% by weight, and mobile industrial equipment gets its own rates. [Proclamation 11032, 91 FR 34085](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-11314)
- **28 May 2026:** Taiwan partner rates published. Taiwanese automobile parts and wood products take a 15% total. [91 FR 31818](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-10571)
- **6 April 2026:** Metals duties on full value. Steel, aluminum and copper tiers of 50%, 25% and 15% apply to the whole customs value. [Proclamation 11021, 91 FR 18201](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-06960)
- **20 January 2026:** Critical minerals: negotiations, no tariff. Proclamation 11001 directs negotiations on processed critical minerals. [91 FR 2439](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-01045)
- **15 January 2026:** Semiconductor duty starts. Covered semiconductor products pay 25%, with end-use exemptions. [Proclamation 11002, 91 FR 2443](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-01052)
- **9 January 2026:** Wood increases postponed. The rises due on 1 January 2026 move to 1 January 2027. [Proclamation 11000, 91 FR 1039](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-00327)
- **4 December 2025:** South Korea partner rates published. Korean vehicles, parts and wood products take a 15% total. [90 FR 55964](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-21940)
- **1 November 2025:** Trucks, buses and their parts. Medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and parts pay 25%, buses 10%. [Proclamation 10984, 90 FR 48451](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-19639)
- **14 October 2025:** Timber, lumber and wood products. Softwood lumber pays 10%, upholstered furniture and kitchen cabinets 25%. [Proclamation 10976, 90 FR 48127](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-19482)
- **25 September 2025:** EU partner rates published. EU vehicles and parts take a 15% total. [90 FR 46136](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-18660)
- **16 September 2025:** Japan partner rates published. Japanese vehicles and parts take a 15% total. [90 FR 44638](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-17908)
- **1 August 2025:** Copper duty starts. Semi-finished copper products and intensive derivatives pay 50%. [Proclamation 10962, 90 FR 37727](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-14893)
- **30 June 2025:** UK automobile quota. 100,000 UK vehicles a year enter at 7.5% on top of the 2.5% regular rate. [90 FR 27851](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-12060)
- **3 May 2025:** Automobile parts pay 25%. The parts stage of the automobile action starts by this date. [Proclamation 10908, 90 FR 14705](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-05930)
- **3 April 2025:** Passenger vehicles pay 25%. Cars and light trucks from every origin pay 25%, USMCA vehicles on non-US content. [Proclamation 10908, 90 FR 14705](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-05930)

## Common questions

### Do Section 232 tariffs apply to goods from every country?

Yes, unless a heading sets a partner rate for that country, such as the UK, the EU, Japan or South Korea, or the goods qualify for a content-based rate. A trade agreement preference doesn't remove the duty.

### Are Section 232 tariffs affected by the Supreme Court IEEPA ruling?

No. The February 2026 ruling concerned tariffs imposed under IEEPA. Section 232 duties rest on a different statute and were not ended.

### Can I get drawback on Section 232 duties?

It depends on the action. Drawback is available on the pharmaceutical duties, but the metals duties allow only manufacturing drawback on certain products of trade agreement partners made with partner metal.

## Sources

- [Harmonized Tariff Schedule, 2026 Revision 21, chapter 99](https://hts.usitc.gov/), U.S. International Trade Commission, effective 2026-10-09
- [Proclamation 11021: Strengthening Actions Taken To Adjust Imports of Aluminum, Steel, and Copper](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-06960), Federal Register, 2026-04-09
- [Proclamation 11032: Further Adjusting the Tariff Regimes for Aluminum, Steel, and Copper](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-11314), Federal Register, 2026-06-04
- [Proclamation 10962: Adjusting Imports of Copper](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-14893), Federal Register, 2025-08-05
- [Proclamation 10908: Adjusting Imports of Automobiles and Automobile Parts](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-05930), Federal Register, 2025-04-03
- [Implementing the General Terms of the US-UK Economic Prosperity Deal](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-12060), Federal Register, 2025-06-30
- [Proclamation 10984: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Parts and Buses](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-19639), Federal Register, 2025-10-22
- [Proclamation 10976: Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2025-19482), Federal Register, 2025-10-06
- [Proclamation 11000: Amendments to Adjusting Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-00327), Federal Register, 2026-01-09
- [Proclamation 11002: Semiconductors, Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment, and Their Derivative Products](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-01052), Federal Register, 2026-01-20
- [Proclamation 11020: Pharmaceuticals and Pharmaceutical Ingredients](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-06956), Federal Register, 2026-04-09
- [Proclamation 11055: Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Components](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-16979), Federal Register, 2026-08-19
- [Proclamation 11052: Polysilicon and Its Derivatives](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-16400), Federal Register, 2026-08-11
- [Proclamation 11001: Processed Critical Minerals and Their Derivative Products](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-01045), Federal Register, 2026-01-20
- [Proclamation 11040: Commercial Aircraft, Jet Engines, and Parts](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-14334), Federal Register, 2026-07-15
- [Proclamation 11074: Wind Turbines and Their Parts and Components](https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2026-22049), Federal Register, 2026-10-28
- [CSMS #69851916: Modifying Section 338 Additional Duties on Certain Goods of Canada](https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCBP/bulletins/429db0c), U.S. Customs and Border Protection, 2026-09-11
- [CSMS #70054007: Updated Guidance, Section 232 Duties on Pharmaceutical Articles](https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCBP/bulletins/42cf077), U.S. Customs and Border Protection, 2026-09-28