{
  "summary": "HS chapter 81 covers other base metals; cermets; articles thereof. It has 12 headings, 81.01 to 81.13, and 56 six-digit subheadings in HS2022. National tariff lines under chapter 81 are live on border.bot for the United States (84 lines, also used by 1 other country).",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-11",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "81",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Description",
      "value": "Other base metals; cermets; articles thereof",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Headings",
      "value": "12",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Subheadings",
      "value": "56",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Edition",
      "value": "HS2022",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "What does HS chapter 81 cover?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 81 covers other base metals; cermets; articles thereof."
    },
    {
      "question": "How many headings and subheadings are in HS chapter 81?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 81 has 12 headings and 56 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
    },
    {
      "question": "Which countries’ tariffs list national lines in HS chapter 81?",
      "answer": "National tariff lines under chapter 81 are live on border.bot for the United States (84 lines, also used by 1 other country)."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "What this chapter covers",
      "text": [
        "HS chapter 81 covers other base metals; cermets; articles thereof.",
        "It has 12 headings, 81.01 to 81.13, and 56 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "not-covered",
      "title": "What it doesn’t cover",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 80, before it, covers tin and articles thereof; chapter 82, after it, covers tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "structure",
      "title": "How it is structured",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 81 is the first level of the Harmonized System. Its headings add two digits to the chapter number (81.01), and each heading's subheadings add two more."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "National tariff lines under chapter 81 are live on border.bot for the United States (84 lines, also used by 1 other country)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The Harmonized System legal text comes from border.bot release 2 (edition HS 2022), imported from a file, and has been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 11 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "type": "hs-chapter",
    "edition": "HS2022",
    "chapter": {
      "code": "81",
      "description": "Other base metals; cermets; articles thereof"
    },
    "headings": [
      {
        "code": "8101",
        "description": "Tungsten (wolfram) and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810110",
            "description": "Powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "810194",
            "description": "Other: Unwrought tungsten, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering"
          },
          {
            "code": "810196",
            "description": "Other: Wire"
          },
          {
            "code": "810197",
            "description": "Other: Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "810199",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8102",
        "description": "Molybdenum and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810210",
            "description": "Powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "810294",
            "description": "Other: Unwrought molybdenum, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering"
          },
          {
            "code": "810295",
            "description": "Other: Bars and rods, other than those obtained simply by sintering, profiles, plates, sheets, strip and foil"
          },
          {
            "code": "810296",
            "description": "Other: Wire"
          },
          {
            "code": "810297",
            "description": "Other: Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "810299",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8103",
        "description": "Tantalum and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810320",
            "description": "Unwrought tantalum, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "810330",
            "description": "Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "810391",
            "description": "Other: Crucibles"
          },
          {
            "code": "810399",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8104",
        "description": "Magnesium and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810411",
            "description": "Unwrought magnesium: Containing at least 99.8 % by weight of magnesium"
          },
          {
            "code": "810419",
            "description": "Unwrought magnesium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "810420",
            "description": "Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "810430",
            "description": "Raspings, turnings and granules, graded according to size; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "810490",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8105",
        "description": "Cobalt mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy; cobalt and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810520",
            "description": "Cobalt mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy; unwrought cobalt; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "810530",
            "description": "Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "810590",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8106",
        "description": "Bismuth and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810610",
            "description": "Containing more than 99.99 % of bismuth, by weight"
          },
          {
            "code": "810690",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8108",
        "description": "Titanium and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810820",
            "description": "Unwrought titanium; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "810830",
            "description": "Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "810890",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8109",
        "description": "Zirconium and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "810921",
            "description": "Unwrought zirconium; powders: Containing less than 1 part hafnium to 500 parts zirconium by weight"
          },
          {
            "code": "810929",
            "description": "Unwrought zirconium; powders: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "810931",
            "description": "Waste and scrap: Containing less than 1 part hafnium to 500 parts zirconium by weight"
          },
          {
            "code": "810939",
            "description": "Waste and scrap: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "810991",
            "description": "Other: Containing less than 1 part hafnium to 500 parts zirconium by weight"
          },
          {
            "code": "810999",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8110",
        "description": "Antimony and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "811010",
            "description": "Unwrought antimony; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811020",
            "description": "Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "811090",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8111",
        "description": "Manganese and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "811100",
            "description": "Manganese and articles thereof, including waste and scrap"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8112",
        "description": "Beryllium, chromium, hafnium, rhenium, thallium, cadmium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, indium and niobium (columbium), and articles of these metals, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "811212",
            "description": "Beryllium: Unwrought; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811213",
            "description": "Beryllium: Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "811219",
            "description": "Beryllium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "811221",
            "description": "Chromium: Unwrought; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811222",
            "description": "Chromium: Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "811229",
            "description": "Chromium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "811231",
            "description": "Hafnium: Unwrought; waste and scrap; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811239",
            "description": "Hafnium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "811241",
            "description": "Rhenium: Unwrought; waste and scrap; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811249",
            "description": "Rhenium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "811251",
            "description": "Thallium: Unwrought; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811252",
            "description": "Thallium: Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "811259",
            "description": "Thallium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "811261",
            "description": "Cadmium: Waste and scrap"
          },
          {
            "code": "811269",
            "description": "Cadmium: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "811292",
            "description": "Other: Unwrought; waste and scrap; powders"
          },
          {
            "code": "811299",
            "description": "Other: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "8113",
        "description": "Cermets and articles thereof, including waste and scrap",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "811300",
            "description": "Cermets and articles thereof, including waste and scrap"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "previous": {
      "code": "80",
      "description": "Tin and articles thereof",
      "indexable": true
    },
    "next": {
      "code": "82",
      "description": "Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof of base metal",
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    "schedules": [
      {
        "code": "US",
        "name": "United States",
        "slug": "united-states",
        "lines": 84,
        "members": 1
      }
    ],
    "provenance": [
      {
        "dataset": "GLOBAL:hs",
        "country": "GLOBAL",
        "kind": "hs",
        "seq": 2,
        "version": "mytraddal hs2022.csv (HS 2022)",
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  "code": "81",
  "attribution": "border.bot tariff reference (border.bot), compiled from the official publishers named on each page.",
  "terms": "https://border.bot/legal/terms",
  "notice": "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling.",
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