{
  "summary": "HS chapter 90 covers optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof. It has 32 headings, 90.01 to 90.33, and 143 six-digit subheadings in HS2022. National tariff lines under chapter 90 are live on border.bot for the United States (411 lines, also used by 1 other country).",
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-11",
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "Chapter",
      "value": "90",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Description",
      "value": "Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Headings",
      "value": "32",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Subheadings",
      "value": "143",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    },
    {
      "label": "Edition",
      "value": "HS2022",
      "source": "border.bot release GLOBAL:hs #2"
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": "What does HS chapter 90 cover?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 90 covers optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof."
    },
    {
      "question": "How many headings and subheadings are in HS chapter 90?",
      "answer": "HS chapter 90 has 32 headings and 143 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
    },
    {
      "question": "Which countries’ tariffs list national lines in HS chapter 90?",
      "answer": "National tariff lines under chapter 90 are live on border.bot for the United States (411 lines, also used by 1 other country)."
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "id": "covers",
      "title": "What this chapter covers",
      "text": [
        "HS chapter 90 covers optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof.",
        "It has 32 headings, 90.01 to 90.33, and 143 six-digit subheadings in HS2022."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "not-covered",
      "title": "What it doesn’t cover",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 89, before it, covers ships, boats and floating structures; chapter 91, after it, covers clocks and watches and parts thereof."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "structure",
      "title": "How it is structured",
      "text": [
        "Chapter 90 is the first level of the Harmonized System. Its headings add two digits to the chapter number (90.01), and each heading's subheadings add two more."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "other-countries",
      "title": "In other countries",
      "text": [
        "National tariff lines under chapter 90 are live on border.bot for the United States (411 lines, also used by 1 other country)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "sources",
      "title": "Sources and updates",
      "text": [
        "The Harmonized System legal text comes from border.bot release 2 (edition HS 2022), imported from a file, and has been live since 11 October 2026.",
        "This page was last updated on 11 October 2026.",
        "Guidance from published tariff data, not a binding ruling. For a decision customs must follow, apply to the destination’s customs authority for a binding tariff ruling."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "type": "hs-chapter",
    "edition": "HS2022",
    "chapter": {
      "code": "90",
      "description": "Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking, precision, medical or surgical instruments and apparatus; parts and accessories thereof"
    },
    "headings": [
      {
        "code": "9001",
        "description": "Optical fibres and optical fibre bundles; optical fibre cables other than those of heading 85.44; sheets and plates of polarising material; lenses (including contact lenses), prisms, mirrors and other optical elements, of any material, unmounted, other than such elements of glass not optically worked",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900110",
            "description": "Optical fibres, optical fibre bundles and cables"
          },
          {
            "code": "900120",
            "description": "Sheets and plates of polarising material"
          },
          {
            "code": "900130",
            "description": "Contact lenses"
          },
          {
            "code": "900140",
            "description": "Spectacle lenses of glass"
          },
          {
            "code": "900150",
            "description": "Spectacle lenses of other materials"
          },
          {
            "code": "900190",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9002",
        "description": "Lenses, prisms, mirrors and other optical elements, of any material, mounted, being parts of or fittings for instruments or apparatus, other than such elements of glass not optically worked",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900211",
            "description": "Objective lenses: For cameras, projectors or photographic enlargers or reducers"
          },
          {
            "code": "900219",
            "description": "Objective lenses: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "900220",
            "description": "Filters"
          },
          {
            "code": "900290",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9003",
        "description": "Frames and mountings for spectacles, goggles or the like, and parts thereof",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900311",
            "description": "Frames and mountings: Of plastics"
          },
          {
            "code": "900319",
            "description": "Frames and mountings: Of other materials"
          },
          {
            "code": "900390",
            "description": "Parts"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9004",
        "description": "Spectacles, goggles and the like, corrective, protective or other",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900410",
            "description": "Sunglasses"
          },
          {
            "code": "900490",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9005",
        "description": "Binoculars, monoculars, other optical telescopes, and mountings therefor; other astronomical instruments and mountings therefor, but not including instruments for radio-astronomy",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900510",
            "description": "Binoculars"
          },
          {
            "code": "900580",
            "description": "Other instruments"
          },
          {
            "code": "900590",
            "description": "Parts and accessories (including mountings)"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9006",
        "description": "Photographic (other than cinematographic) cameras; photographic flashlight apparatus and flashbulbs other than discharge lamps of heading 85.39",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900630",
            "description": "Cameras specially designed for underwater use, for aerial survey or for medical or surgical examination of internal organs; comparison cameras for forensic or criminological purposes"
          },
          {
            "code": "900640",
            "description": "Instant print cameras"
          },
          {
            "code": "900653",
            "description": "Other cameras: For roll film of a width of 35mm"
          },
          {
            "code": "900659",
            "description": "Other cameras: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "900661",
            "description": "Photographic flashlight apparatus and flashbulbs: Discharge lamp (“electronic”) flashlight apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "900669",
            "description": "Photographic flashlight apparatus and flashbulbs: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "900691",
            "description": "Parts and accessories: For cameras"
          },
          {
            "code": "900699",
            "description": "Parts and accessories: Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9007",
        "description": "Cinematographic cameras and projectors, whether or not incorporating sound recording or reproducing apparatus",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900710",
            "description": "Cameras"
          },
          {
            "code": "900720",
            "description": "Projectors"
          },
          {
            "code": "900791",
            "description": "Parts and accessories: For cameras"
          },
          {
            "code": "900792",
            "description": "Parts and accessories: For projectors"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9008",
        "description": "Image projectors, other than cinematographic; photographic (other than cinematographic) enlargers and reducers",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "900850",
            "description": "Projectors, enlargers and reducers"
          },
          {
            "code": "900890",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9010",
        "description": "Apparatus and equipment for photographic (including cinematographic) laboratories, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter; negatoscopes; projection screens",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901010",
            "description": "Apparatus and equipment for automatically developing photographic (including cinematographic) film or paper in rolls or for automatically exposing developed film to rolls of photographic paper"
          },
          {
            "code": "901050",
            "description": "Other apparatus and equipment for photographic (including cinematographic) laboratories; negatoscopes"
          },
          {
            "code": "901060",
            "description": "Projection screens"
          },
          {
            "code": "901090",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9011",
        "description": "Compound optical microscopes, including those for photomicrography, cinephotomicrography or microprojection",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901110",
            "description": "Stereoscopic microscopes"
          },
          {
            "code": "901120",
            "description": "Other microscopes, for photomicrography, cinephoto-micrography or microprojection"
          },
          {
            "code": "901180",
            "description": "Other microscopes"
          },
          {
            "code": "901190",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9012",
        "description": "Microscopes other than optical microscopes; diffraction apparatus",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901210",
            "description": "Microscopes other than optical microscopes; diffraction apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "901290",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9013",
        "description": "Lasers, other than laser diodes; other optical appliances and instruments, not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901310",
            "description": "Telescopic sights for fitting to arms; periscopes; telescopes designed to form parts of machines, appliances, instruments or apparatus of this Chapter or Section XVI"
          },
          {
            "code": "901320",
            "description": "Lasers, other than laser diodes"
          },
          {
            "code": "901380",
            "description": "Other devices, appliances and instruments"
          },
          {
            "code": "901390",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9014",
        "description": "Direction finding compasses; other navigational instruments and appliances",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901410",
            "description": "Direction finding compasses"
          },
          {
            "code": "901420",
            "description": "Instruments and appliances for aeronautical or space navigation (other than compasses)"
          },
          {
            "code": "901480",
            "description": "Other instruments and appliances"
          },
          {
            "code": "901490",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9015",
        "description": "Surveying (including photogrammetrical surveying), hydrographic, oceanographic, hydrological, meteorological or geophysical instruments and appliances, excluding compasses; rangefinders",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901510",
            "description": "Rangefinders"
          },
          {
            "code": "901520",
            "description": "Theodolites and tachymeters (tacheometers)"
          },
          {
            "code": "901530",
            "description": "Levels"
          },
          {
            "code": "901540",
            "description": "Photogrammetrical surveying instruments and appliances"
          },
          {
            "code": "901580",
            "description": "Other instruments and appliances"
          },
          {
            "code": "901590",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9016",
        "description": "Balances of a sensitivity of 5 cg or better, with or without weights",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901600",
            "description": "Balances of a sensitivity of 5 cg or better, with or without weights"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9017",
        "description": "Drawing, marking-out or mathematical calculating instruments (for example, drafting machines, pantographs, protractors, drawing sets, slide rules, disc calculators); instruments for measuring length, for use in the hand (for example, measuring rods and tapes, micrometers, callipers), not specified or included elsewhere in this Chapter",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901710",
            "description": "Drafting tables and machines, whether or not automatic"
          },
          {
            "code": "901720",
            "description": "Other drawing, marking-out or mathematical calculating instruments"
          },
          {
            "code": "901730",
            "description": "Micrometers, callipers and gauges"
          },
          {
            "code": "901780",
            "description": "Other instruments"
          },
          {
            "code": "901790",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9018",
        "description": "Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences, including scintigraphic apparatus, other electro-medical apparatus and sight-testing instruments",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901811",
            "description": "Electrodiagnostic apparatus (including apparatus for functional exploratory examination or for checking physiological parameters): Electro-cardiographs"
          },
          {
            "code": "901812",
            "description": "Electrodiagnostic apparatus (including apparatus for functional exploratory examination or for checking physiological parameters): Ultrasonic scanning apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "901813",
            "description": "Electrodiagnostic apparatus (including apparatus for functional exploratory examination or for checking physiological parameters): Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "901814",
            "description": "Electrodiagnostic apparatus (including apparatus for functional exploratory examination or for checking physiological parameters): Scintigraphic apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "901819",
            "description": "Electrodiagnostic apparatus (including apparatus for functional exploratory examination or for checking physiological parameters): Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "901820",
            "description": "Ultra-violet or infra-red ray apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "901831",
            "description": "Syringes, needles, catheters, cannulae and the like: Syringes, with or without needles"
          },
          {
            "code": "901832",
            "description": "Syringes, needles, catheters, cannulae and the like: Tubular metal needles and needles for sutures"
          },
          {
            "code": "901839",
            "description": "Syringes, needles, catheters, cannulae and the like: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "901841",
            "description": "Other instruments and appliances, used in dental sciences: Dental drill engines, whether or not combined on a single base with other dental equipment"
          },
          {
            "code": "901849",
            "description": "Other instruments and appliances, used in dental sciences: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "901850",
            "description": "Other ophthalmic instruments and appliances"
          },
          {
            "code": "901890",
            "description": "Other instruments and appliances"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9019",
        "description": "Mechano-therapy appliances; massage apparatus; psychological aptitude-testing apparatus; ozone therapy, oxygen therapy, aerosol therapy, artificial respiration or other therapeutic respiration apparatus",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "901910",
            "description": "Mechano-therapy appliances; massage apparatus; psychological aptitude-testing apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "901920",
            "description": "Ozone therapy, oxygen therapy, aerosol therapy, artificial respiration or other therapeutic respiration apparatus"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9020",
        "description": "Other breathing appliances and gas masks, excluding protective masks having neither mechanical parts nor replaceable filters",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "902000",
            "description": "Other breathing appliances and gas masks, excluding protective masks having neither mechanical parts nor replaceable filters"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9021",
        "description": "Orthopaedic appliances, including crutches, surgical belts and trusses; splints and other fracture appliances; artificial parts of the body; hearing aids and other appliances which are worn or carried, or implanted in the body, to compensate for a defect or disability",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "902110",
            "description": "Orthopaedic or fracture appliances"
          },
          {
            "code": "902121",
            "description": "Artificial teeth and dental fittings: Artificial teeth"
          },
          {
            "code": "902129",
            "description": "Artificial teeth and dental fittings: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "902131",
            "description": "Other artificial parts of the body: Artificial joints"
          },
          {
            "code": "902139",
            "description": "Other artificial parts of the body: Other"
          },
          {
            "code": "902140",
            "description": "Hearing aids, excluding parts and accessories"
          },
          {
            "code": "902150",
            "description": "Pacemakers for stimulating heart muscles, excluding parts and accessories"
          },
          {
            "code": "902190",
            "description": "Other"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9022",
        "description": "Apparatus based on the use of X-rays or of alpha, beta, gamma or other ionising radiations, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus, X-ray tubes and other X-ray generators, high tension generators, control panels and desks, screens, examination or treatment tables, chairs and the like",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "902212",
            "description": "Apparatus based on the use of X-rays, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: Computed tomography apparatus"
          },
          {
            "code": "902213",
            "description": "Apparatus based on the use of X-rays, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: Other, for dental uses"
          },
          {
            "code": "902214",
            "description": "Apparatus based on the use of X-rays, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: Other, for medical, surgical or veterinary uses"
          },
          {
            "code": "902219",
            "description": "Apparatus based on the use of X-rays, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: For other uses"
          },
          {
            "code": "902221",
            "description": "Apparatus based on the use of alpha, beta, gamma or other ionising radiation, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: For medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses"
          },
          {
            "code": "902229",
            "description": "Apparatus based on the use of alpha, beta, gamma or other ionising radiation, whether or not for medical, surgical, dental or veterinary uses, including radiography or radiotherapy apparatus: For other uses"
          },
          {
            "code": "902230",
            "description": "X-ray tubes"
          },
          {
            "code": "902290",
            "description": "Other, including parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9023",
        "description": "Instruments, apparatus and models, designed for demonstrational purposes (for example, in education or exhibitions), unsuitable for other uses",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "902300",
            "description": "Instruments, apparatus and models, designed for demonstrational purposes (for example, in education or exhibitions), unsuitable for other uses"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9024",
        "description": "Machines and appliances for testing the hardness, strength, compressibility, elasticity or other mechanical properties of materials (for example, metals, wood, textiles, paper, plastics)",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "902410",
            "description": "Machines and appliances for testing metals"
          },
          {
            "code": "902480",
            "description": "Other machines and appliances"
          },
          {
            "code": "902490",
            "description": "Parts and accessories"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "code": "9025",
        "description": "Hydrometers and similar floating instruments, thermometers, pyrometers, barometers, hygrometers and psychrometers, recording or not, and any combination of these instruments",
        "subheadings": [
          {
            "code": "902511",
            "description": "Thermometers and pyrometers, not combined with other instruments: Liquid-filled, for direct reading"
          },
          {
            "code": "902519",
            "description": "Thermometers and pyrometers, not combined with other instruments: Other"
          }
        ]
      }
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