How import and export restrictions work
Prohibited, restricted and everything else
A prohibition means the goods can’t cross at all, whatever the paperwork. A restriction means they can, but only with something more: a licence, a permit, a certificate, a registration or data filed with an agency at entry. Most regulated consumer goods are restricted rather than prohibited.
Customs enforces other agencies’ rules
Customs is usually the checkpoint, not the rule-maker. In the US, CBP collects data at entry on behalf of partner government agencies such as the FDA for food, cosmetics, drugs and devices, USDA for plants and animal products, the Fish and Wildlife Service for wildlife and the CPSC for consumer products. Each tariff line carries flags saying which agencies may need data, and Classify returns them with every code.
In the EU and the UK, the tariff carries measures that say which certificates, licences or bans apply to a code and an origin, from endangered species (CITES) to dual-use goods.
Exports have rules too
Countries also control what leaves. Dual-use items, cultural goods, some chemicals and goods bound for sanctioned countries can need an export licence. Giving Restrict the ship-from country checks those rules alongside the destination’s.
Carriers and marketplaces add their own
A product can be legal to import and still refused by a carrier: lithium batteries, aerosols and perfumes are dangerous goods in air transport, for example. Marketplaces ban whole categories. Adding those limits as workspace rules means one check covers the law and the companies you ship with.