How denied-party screening works
What the lists are
Governments publish lists of people, companies, vessels and organisations that others may not deal with, or may only deal with under a licence. In the US, the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control lists sanctioned parties, the Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security lists parties subject to export restrictions, and the State Department lists parties barred from defence trade. The Consolidated Screening List (opens in a new tab) puts them in one place.
Ownership counts too. Under OFAC’s 50 Percent Rule, a company owned 50 percent or more by blocked persons is itself blocked, even if it isn’t named on a list.
Why matching is fuzzy
Names are transliterated from other scripts, spelled differently on invoices, abbreviated or written with and without accents. Exact matching misses real hits; matching that is too loose buries you in false alarms. Screen compares names by their letter patterns after removing accents and punctuation, searches every published alias, and returns only matches that score 0.7 or more.
What to do with a possible match
A possible match is a reason to look closer, not a finding. Compare the identifiers, addresses, nationality and dates of birth in the listing with what you know about your customer. If they clearly differ, record why and continue. If they agree, or you can’t tell, hold the transaction and get advice: dealing with a listed party can require a licence, and blocked property can bring reporting duties.
Keep the record
Regulators look at whether you had a reasonable process and followed it. Keeping each check with the time, the name searched and the version of each list searched shows that you did, long after the order shipped.